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Philippine Journal of Social Development Volume 11 2019
Human Rights from the Margins
Issue Editors
Mary Lou L. Alcid
Nancy E. Parreño
Editorial Board
Sylvia E. Claudio, MD, Ph.D.
John Erwin S. Bañez, DSD
Teresita V. Barrameda, DSD
Yolanda G. Ealdama
Ma. Linnea V. Tanchuling
Ma. Theresa V. Tungpalan, Ph.D.
Managing Editors
Soleil Anniah C. Santoalla
Leah B. Angeles
Technical Editor
Maria Theresa B. Samson
Published by
College of Social Work and Community Development, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City
The Philippine Journal of Social Development (PJSD) is a peer-reviewed journal published by the College of Social Work and Community Development, University of the Philippines Diliman. The views and opinions expressed in this journal are solely the authors’ and do
not necessarily reflect those of the College of Social Work and Community Development.
Philippine Copyright © 2019
University of the Philippines, Diliman
ISSN 2094-523X
All rights reserved.
No part of this journal may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the written
permission of the copyright owner and the publisher
Table of Contents
Foreword (p. 4–10)
Mary Lou L. Alcid and Nancy E. Parreño
Weaving Human Rights in Social Work Practice to Address the Roots of Poverty (p. 11–32)
Gil I. Espenido
ABSTRACT
Poverty is rooted in the the socio-economic, political and cultural system of the Philippines. Poverty as structural violence is embedded in the system and in the process, continuously violates a wide range of human rights of the Filipinos, from political and civil rights to economic, social, and cultural rights. Social Work, as a profession, has usually paid more attention to human needs than to human rights. With the recognition that at the very core of its existence are conflicts over how competing social-political-economic groups, forces, and classes define, interpret and respond to human needs, the profession has become a contested and highly politicized practice that includes human rights work. With the persistence and gravity of human rights violations, it is imperative for social workers to fully operationalise human rights as a professional value and principle in their practice. This is a path that will contribute to unravelling and addressing the roots of poverty, and engaging in emancipatory, transformative Social Work.
Poverty is rooted in the the socio-economic, political and cultural system of the Philippines. Poverty as structural violence is embedded in the system and in the process, continuously violates a wide range of human rights of the Filipinos, from political and civil rights to economic, social, and cultural rights. Social Work, as a profession, has usually paid more attention to human needs than to human rights. With the recognition that at the very core of its existence are conflicts over how competing social-political-economic groups, forces, and classes define, interpret and respond to human needs, the profession has become a contested and highly politicized practice that includes human rights work. With the persistence and gravity of human rights violations, it is imperative for social workers to fully operationalise human rights as a professional value and principle in their practice. This is a path that will contribute to unravelling and addressing the roots of poverty, and engaging in emancipatory, transformative Social Work.
Keywords: poverty, human rights, transformative, social work
The Effects of Death through Violations of Human Rights on the Grieving Family (p. 33–50)
Jowima Ang-Reyes
ABSTRACT
The violent and unjust death of a loved one leaves a profound and distinct impact on the lives of surviving family members. More so, when human rights violations overlay the circumstances of death. The cases of “extrajudicial killings” (EJK) characterizing the current Philippine Drug War, is one example. Human rights violations leading to violent deaths have irrevocable consequences on the family as secondary victims . This review of literature, covering both local and international studies, highlights the significance of various factors affecting the surviving family’s grief, coping, and recovery in the bio-psycho-social-spiritual spectrum. Social workers are challenged not only to sort through micro level concerns and issues surrounding grief, but also to look into the social environment, which influence the depth, duration, and healing of individual grief.
The violent and unjust death of a loved one leaves a profound and distinct impact on the lives of surviving family members. More so, when human rights violations overlay the circumstances of death. The cases of “extrajudicial killings” (EJK) characterizing the current Philippine Drug War, is one example. Human rights violations leading to violent deaths have irrevocable consequences on the family as secondary victims . This review of literature, covering both local and international studies, highlights the significance of various factors affecting the surviving family’s grief, coping, and recovery in the bio-psycho-social-spiritual spectrum. Social workers are challenged not only to sort through micro level concerns and issues surrounding grief, but also to look into the social environment, which influence the depth, duration, and healing of individual grief.
Keywords: grief, grieving families, recovery, human rights
Raphael M. Ferrer and Devralin T. Lagos
ABSTRACT
Resettlement in the Philippines is a phenomenon that often results to deprivation and displacement of many local communities and threatens human dignity and freedoms. Present literature on resettlement programs and communities often overlooks the subjective dimension of resettled community, e.g. people’s sense of belonging to their place and community, and how these sentiments are linked to the attainment of human rights in resettlement. Using Q-methodology, a hybrid between qualitative and quantitative methods, this article discusses the process and results of a research on the subjective dimensions of a resettled community in a province south of Metro Manila. It underscores how, despite dispossession and deprivation, resettlers are able to build social ties and forge a sense of community that is shaped by the conditions and contexts of resettlement. The sense of community and the attainment of human rights are inextricably linked to one another.
Resettlement in the Philippines is a phenomenon that often results to deprivation and displacement of many local communities and threatens human dignity and freedoms. Present literature on resettlement programs and communities often overlooks the subjective dimension of resettled community, e.g. people’s sense of belonging to their place and community, and how these sentiments are linked to the attainment of human rights in resettlement. Using Q-methodology, a hybrid between qualitative and quantitative methods, this article discusses the process and results of a research on the subjective dimensions of a resettled community in a province south of Metro Manila. It underscores how, despite dispossession and deprivation, resettlers are able to build social ties and forge a sense of community that is shaped by the conditions and contexts of resettlement. The sense of community and the attainment of human rights are inextricably linked to one another.
Keywords: resettlement, sense of community, human rights
Rights at Work and Workers’ Resistance in a Luzon Export Zone (p. 82–98)
Benjamin B. Velasco
ABSTRACT
Unionization and freedom of association are key labor rights that must be enjoyed by all workers. Yet, they are actively suppressed through various schemes of union avoidance and union busting. Repression of unionization is meant to stop workers from bargaining collectively to better their wages and working conditions. The indifference of the State as represented by the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) and the Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA) in the case has led to the outbursts of workers’ protests and strikes escalating the conflict between workers and capitalists. The study explores the state of rights at work in an Ecozone in Luzon through five case studies of the struggles of workers from different factories. Using the human rights-based approach, it examines how duty bearers are protecting, upholding and fulfilling the rights and entitlements of workers as claim-holders. It also reiterates a set of recommendations by the Partido ng Manggagawa that addresses crucial barriers to fulfilling workers rights in the ecozones.
Unionization and freedom of association are key labor rights that must be enjoyed by all workers. Yet, they are actively suppressed through various schemes of union avoidance and union busting. Repression of unionization is meant to stop workers from bargaining collectively to better their wages and working conditions. The indifference of the State as represented by the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) and the Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA) in the case has led to the outbursts of workers’ protests and strikes escalating the conflict between workers and capitalists. The study explores the state of rights at work in an Ecozone in Luzon through five case studies of the struggles of workers from different factories. Using the human rights-based approach, it examines how duty bearers are protecting, upholding and fulfilling the rights and entitlements of workers as claim-holders. It also reiterates a set of recommendations by the Partido ng Manggagawa that addresses crucial barriers to fulfilling workers rights in the ecozones.
Keywords: export processing zones, unionism, workers, human rights
Doon po sa Amin sa Tundo: May Hirap, May Buhay, May Tambay (p. 99–117)
Venarica B. Papa
Pangiyak: Participatory Video Training para sa mga Lumad (p. 118–127)
Valerainne R. Lopez, Edgie Francis B. Uyanguren, and Celeste F. Vallejos
Keywords: participatory video, lumad